9.
Maggid
Tell the story
For an abbreviated version of Maggid
Before we begin
It is more inclusive, when going through the Maggid section, for guests to recite phrases together and rotate speaking.
Everything in bold should be recited together.
Paragraph breaks denote a good time to switch speakers.
This is the bread of affliction
Uncover and raise the matzah.
Raise the seder plate.
Recite.
הָא לַחְמָא עַנְיָא דִּי אֲכָלוּ אַבְהָתָנָא בְּאַרְעָא דְמִצְרָיִם. כָּל דִּכְפִין יֵיתֵי וְיֵכוֹל, כָּל דִּצְרִיךְ יֵיתֵי וְיִפְסַח. הָשַּׁתָּא הָכָא, לְשָׁנָה הַבָּאָה בְּאַרְעָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל. הָשַּׁתָּא עַבְדֵי, לְשָׁנָה הַבָּאָה בְּנֵי חוֹרִין
This is the bread of affliction which our fathers ate in the land of Egypt. Let all who are hungry come and eat. Let all who are needy come and celebrate the Passover. Now we are here; next year may we be in Israel. Now we are slaves; next year may we all be free.
Ha la’ch’ma an’ya Dee’acha’lu av’ha’ta’na B’ar’ah d’meetz’ra’yeem. Kol deech’feen, yei’tei v’ yei’chol, Kol dee’tzreech, yei’tei v’ yee’fsach. Ha’sha’ta ha’cha, L’sha’na ha’ba’ah be’ar’ah d’yis’rael Ha’sha’ta av’dei, L’sha’na ha’ba’ah B’nei cho’reen.
Cover and lower the matzah.
Lower the seder plate.
Fill the Second cup of wine.
Ma Nishtana, The Four Questions
The youngest person present asks the four questions.
?מַה נִּשְׁתַּנָּה הַלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה מִכָּל הַלֵּילוֹת
שֶׁבְּכָל הַלֵּילוֹת אָנוּ אוֹכְלִין חָמֵץ וּמַצָּה. הַלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה כֻּלּוֹ מַצָּה
שֶׁבְּכָל הַלֵּילוֹת אָנוּ אוֹכְלִין שְׁאָר יְרָקוֹת. הַלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה מָרוֹר
שֶׁבְּכָל הַלֵּילוֹת אֵין אָנוּ מַטְבִּילִין אֲפִילוּ פַּעַם אֶחָת. הַלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה שְׁתֵּי פְעָמִים
שֶׁבְּכָל הַלֵּילוֹת אָנוּ אוֹכְלִין בֵּין יוֹשְׁבִין וּבֵין מְסֻבִּין. הַלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה כֻּלָּנוּ מְסֻבִּין
Why is this night different from all other nights?
On all other nights we eat chametz and matzah. Tonight, why do we eat only matzah?
On all other nights we eat any kind of herbs. Tonight, why do we eat the bitter herbs?
On all other nights we do not dip even once. Tonight, why do we dip the greens twice?
On all other nights we eat sitting or reclining. Tonight, why do we all recline?
Ma nishtanah halailah hazeh mikol haleilot?
Sheb’khol haleilot anu okhlin hametz umatzah; halailah hazeh, kuloh matzah.
Sheb’khol haleilot anu okhlin sh’ar y’rakot; halailah hazeh, maror.
Sheb’khol haleilot ein anu matbilin afilu pa’am ehat; halailah hazeh, shtei f’amim.
Sheb’khol haleilot anu okhlin bein yoshvin uvein m’subin; halailah hazeh, kulanu m’subin.
Uncover the matzot.
Reply.
.עֲבָדִים הָיִינוּ לְפַרְעֹה בְּמִצְריִם
We were slaves to Pharaoh in Egypt,
Avadim hayinu lepharo bemitzrayim
וַיּוֹצִיאֵנוּ יְיָ אֱלֹהֵינוּ מִשָּׁם, בְּיָד חֲזָקָה וּבִזְרוֹעַ נְטוּיָה, וְאִלּוּ לֹא הוֹצִיא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אֶת-אֲבוֹתֵינוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם, הֲרֵי אָנוּ וּבָנֵינוּ וּבְנֵי בָנֵינוּ, מְשֻׁעְבָּדִים הָיִינוּ לְפַרְעֹה בְּמִצְרָיִם. וַאֲפִילוּ כֻּלָּנוּ חֲכָמִים, כֻּלָּנוּ נְבוֹנִים, כֻּלָּנוּ זְקֵנִים, כֻּלָּנוּ יוֹדְעִים אֶת-הַתּוֹרָה, מִצְוָה עָלֵינוּ לְסַפֵּר בִּיצִיאַת מִצְרָיִם. וְכָל הַמַּרְבֶּה לְסַפֵּר בִּיצִיאַת מִצְרַיִם, הֲרֵי זֶה מְשֻׁבָּח
but the Lord our God took us out of there with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm. Had not God taken our fathers out of Egypt, then we, our children and grandchildren would still be enslaved to Pharaoh in Egypt. Even if we all were wise, and perceptive, experienced, and versed in Torah, it would still be our duty to tell about the Exodus from Egypt. The more one talks about the Exodus, the more praise he deserves.
מַעֲשֶׂה בְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר, וְרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, וְרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן-עֲזַרְיָה, וְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, וְרַבִּי טַרְפוֹן, שֶׁהָיוּ מְסֻבִּין בִּבְנֵי-בְרַק, וְהָיוּ מְסַפְּרִים בִּיצִיאַת מִצְרַיִם, כָּל-אוֹתוֹ הַלַּיְלָה, עַד שֶׁבָּאוּ תַלְמִידֵיהֶם וְאָמְרוּ לָהֶם: רַבּוֹתֵינוּ, הִגִּיעַ זְמַן קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע, שֶׁל שַׁחֲרִית
It happened that Rabbis Eliezer, Joshua, Elazar ben Azaryah, Akiva and Tarfon were reclining at the seder table in Bnei Brak. They spent the whole night discussing the Exodus until their students came and said to them: “Rabbis, it is time for the recitation of the Shema.”
אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן-עֲזַרְיָה. הֲרֵי אֲנִי כְּבֶן שִׁבְעִים שָׁנָה, וְלֹא זָכִיתִי, שֶׁתֵּאָמֵר יְצִיאַת מִצְרַיִם בַּלֵּילוֹת. עַד שֶּׁדְּרָשָׁהּ בֶּן זוֹמָא. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: לְמַעַן תִּזְכֹּר, אֶת יוֹם צֵאתְךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם, כֹּל יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ. יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ הַיָּמִים. כֹּל יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ הַלֵּילוֹת. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ הָעוֹלָם הַזֶּה. כֹּל יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ לְהָבִיא לִימוֹת הַמָּשִׁיחַ
Rabbi Elazar ben Azaryah said: “I am like a seventy-year old man and I have not succeeded in understanding why the Exodus from Egypt should be mentioned at night, until Ben Zoma explained it by quoting: ‘In order that you may remember the day you left Egypt all the days of your life.’” The Torah adds the word all to the phrase the days of your life to indicate that the nights are meant as well. The sages declare that “the days of your life” means the present world and “all” includes the messianic era.
The Four Sons
בָּרוּךְ הַמָּקוֹם. בָּרוּךְ הוּא.
Blessed be the Omnipresent; blessed be He.
Baruch hu; baruch hamakom.
בָּרוּךְ שֶׁנָּתַן תּוֹרָה לְעַמּוֹ יִשְׂרָאֵל. בָּרוּךְ הוּא כְּנֶגֶד אַרְבָּעָה בָנִים דִּבְּרָה תוֹרָה. אֶחָד חָכָם, וְאֶחָד רָשָׁע, וְאֶחָד תָּם, וְאֶחָד שֶׁאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ לִשְׁאוֹל
Blessed be God who has given the Torah to His people Israel; blessed be He. The Torah speaks of four sons; a wise one, a wicked one, a simple one, and one who is not able to ask a question.
חָכָם מַה הוּא אוֹמֵר? מָה הָעֵדֹת וְהַחֻקִּים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִים, אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְיָ אֱלֹהֵינוּ אֶתְכֶם? וְאַף אַתָּה אֱמָר-לוֹ כְּהִלְכוֹת הַפֶּסַח: אֵין מַפְטִירִין אַחַר הַפֶּסַח אֲפִיקוֹמָן
The wise son asks: “What is the meaning of the testimonies, statutes, and laws which the Lord our God has commanded us?” Explain to him the laws of the Pesach: that “no dessert may be eaten after the Passover sacrifice.”
רָשָׁע מַה הוּא אוֹמֵר? מָה הָעֲבֹדָה הַזֹּאת לָכֶם? לָכֶם ולֹא לוֹ. וּלְפִי שֶׁהוֹצִיא אֶת-עַצְמוֹ מִן הַכְּלָל, כָּפַר בָּעִקָּר. וְאַף אַתָּה הַקְהֵה אֶת-שִׁנָּיו, וֶאֱמָר-לוֹ: בַּעֲבוּר זֶה, עָשָׂה יְיָ לִי, בְּצֵאתִי מִמִּצְרָיִם, לִי וְלֹא-לוֹ. אִלּוּ הָיָה שָׁם, לֹא הָיָה נִגְאָל
The wicked son asks: “What does this service mean to you?” By the words “to you” he implies that this service is only for you — not for himself. By excluding himself from the community, he denies God. So tell him bluntly: “This is done on account of what the Lord did for me when I came out of Egypt.” For me, not for him; had he been there, he would not have been redeemed.
תָּם מַה הוּא אוֹמֵר? מַה זֹּאת? וְאָמַרְתָּ אֵלָיו: בְּחֹזֶק יָד הוֹצִיאָנוּ יְיָ מִמִּצְרַיִם מִבֵּית עֲבָדִים
The simple son asks: “What is this all about?” Tell him, “With a strong hand the Lord brought us out of Egypt from the house of slavery.”
וְשֶׁאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ לִשְׁאוֹל, אַתְּ פְּתַח לוֹ. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְהִגַּדְתָּ לְבִנְךָ, בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא לֵאמֹר: בַּעֲבוּר זֶה עָשָׂה יְיָ לִי, בְּצֵאתִי מִמִּצְרָיִם
As for the son who is unable to ask a question, you must open up the subject to him, as it is written: “You shall tell your son on that day: This is on account of what the Lord did for me when I came out of Egypt.”
יָכוֹל מֵרֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא. אִי בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא. יָכוֹל מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר. בַּעֲבוּר זֶה. בַּעֲבוּר זֶה לֹא אָמַרְתִּי, אֶלָּא בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁיֵּשׁ מַצָּה וּמָרוֹר מֻנָחִים לְפָנֶיךָ
One might think that the Haggadah should be recited on the first day of the month of Nissan. Scripture says: “You shall tell your son on that day (the first day of Passover).” One might think that the phrase ‘on that day’ means that the story of the Exodus should be recited in the daytime; but scripture says: “This is on account of what the Lord did for me.” The word ‘this’ refers to the time when ‘this’ matzah and ‘this’ maror are placed before you — on Passover night when you are obliged to eat them.
מִתְּחִלָּה עוֹבְדֵי עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה הָיוּ אֲבוֹתֵינוּ. וְעַכְשָׁו קֵרְבָנוּ הַמָּקוֹם לַעֲבוֹדָתוֹ. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אֶל-כָּל-הָעָם. כֹּה אָמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל, בְּעֵבֶר הַנָּהָר יָשְׁבוּ אֲבוֹתֵיכֶם מֵעוֹלָם, תֶּרַח אֲבִי אַבְרָהָם וַאֲבִי נָחוֹר. וַיַּעַבְדוּ אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים: וָאֶקַּח אֶת-אֲבִיכֶם אֶת-אַבְרָהָם מֵעֵבֶר הַנָּהָר, וָאוֹלֵךְ אוֹתוֹ בְּכָל-אֶרֶץ כְּנָעַן. וָאַרְבֶּה אֶת-זַרְעוֹ, וָאֶתֶּן לוֹ אֶת-יִצְחָק: וָאֶתֵּן לְיִצְחָק אֶת-יַעֲקֹב וְאֶת-עֵשָׂו. וָאֶתֵּן לְעֵשָׂו אֶת-הַר שֵׂעִיר, לָרֶשֶׁת אוֹתוֹ. וְיַעֲקֹב וּבָנָיו יָרְדוּ מִצְרָיִם
At first our forefathers worshiped idols, but now the Omnipresent has brought us near to His service, as it is written: “Joshua said to all the people: so says the Lord God of Israel — your fathers have always lived beyond the Euphrates River, Terah the father of Abraham and Nahor; they worshipped other gods. I took your father Abraham from the other side of the river and led him through all the land of Canaan. I multiplied his family and gave him Isaac. To Isaac I gave Jacob and Esau; to Esau I gave Mount Seir to inherit, however Jacob and his children went down to Egypt.”
.בָּרוּךְ שׁוֹמֵר הַבְטָחָתוֹ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל. בָּרוּךְ הוּא
Blessed be He who keeps His promise to Israel; blessed be He.
שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא חִשַּׁב אֶת-הַקֵּץ, לַעֲשׂוֹת כְּמָה שֶּׁאָמַר לְאַבְרָהָם אָבִינוּ בִּבְרִית בֵּין הַבְּתָרִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיֹּאמֶר לְאַבְרָם יָדֹעַ תֵּדַע, כִּי-גֵר יִהְיֶה זַרְעֲךָ, בְּאֶרֶץ לֹא לָהֶם, וַעֲבָדוּם וְעִנּוּ אֹתָם אַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת שָׁנָה: וְגַם אֶת-הַגּוֹי אֲשֶׁר יַעֲבֹדוּ דָּן אָנֹכִי. וְאַחֲרֵי כֵן יֵצְאוּ, בִּרְכֻשׁ גָּדוֹל
The Holy One, blessed be he, predetermined the time for our final deliverance in order to fulfill what He had pledged to our father Abraham in a covenant, as it is written: “He said to Abram, Your descendants will surely sojourn in a land that is not their own, and they will be enslaved and afflicted for four hundred years; however, I will punish the nation that enslaved them, and afterwards they shall leave with great wealth.”
Vehi She'amda, This promise...
Cover the matzah.
Raise the wine cup.
Recite.
וְהִיא שֶׁעָמְדָה לַאֲבוֹתֵינוּ וְלָנוּ. שֶׁלֹא אֶחָד בִּלְבָד, עָמַד עָלֵינוּ לְכַלּוֹתֵנוּ. אֶלָּא שֶׁבְּכָל דּוֹר וָדוֹר, עוֹמְדִים עָלֵינוּ לְכַלּוֹתֵנוּ. וְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מַצִּילֵנוּ מִיָּדָם
This promise has sustained our fathers and us. For not only one enemy has risen against us to annihilate us, but in every generation men rise against us. But the Holy One, Blessed be He, saves us from their hand.
Vehi She’amda, La’avotainu Velanu Shelo Echad Bilvad, Amad Aleinu Lechaloteinu Ela Sheb’chol Dor VaDor Omdim Aleinu Lechaloteinu V’HaKadosh Baruch Hu Matzilenu Miyadam.
Uncover the matzah.
Lower the wine.
צֵא וּלְמַד, מַה בִּקֵּשׁ לָבָן הָאֲרַמִּי לַעֲשׂוֹת לְיַעֲקֹב אָבִינוּ. שֶׁפַּרְעֹה לֹא גָזַר אֶלָּא עַל הַזְּכָרִים, וְלָבָן בִּקֵּשׁ לַעֲקֹר אֶת-הַכֹּל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: אֲרַמִּי אֹבֵד אָבִי, וַיֵּרֶד מִצְרַיְמָה, וַיָּגָר שָׁם בִּמְתֵי מְעָט. וַיְהִי שָׁם לְגוֹי גָּדוֹל, עָצוּם וָרָב
Learn what Laban the Syrian tried to do to our father Jacob. While Pharaoh decreed only against the newborn males, Laban tried to uproot all of Israel, as it is written: “The Aramaean sought to destroy my father, however, he went down to Egypt and sojourned there few in number and there he became a great, mighty, and numerous nation.”
וַיֵּרֶד מִצְרַיְמָה, אָנוּס עַל פִּי הַדִּבּוּר. וַיָּגָר שָׁם. מְלַמֵּד שֶׁלֹּא יָרַד יַעֲקֹב אָבִינוּ לְהִשְׁתַּקֵעַ בְּמִצְרַיִם, אֶלָּא לָגוּר שָׁם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֶל-פַּרְעֹה, לָגוּר בָּאָרֶץ בָּאנוּ, כִּי אֵין מִרְעֶה לַצֹּאן אֲשֶׁר לַעֲבָדֶיךָ, כִּי כָבֵד הָרָעָב בְּאֶרֶץ כְּנָעַן. וְעַתָּה, יֵשְׁבוּ-נָא עֲבָדֶיךָ בְּאֶרֶץ גֹּשֶן
He went down to Egypt, compelled by divine decree. He sojourned there implies that he did not come down to settle in Egypt but only to live there temporarily, as it is written: “They (the sons of Jacob) said to Pharaoh: ‘We have come to sojourn in this land because there is no pasture for your servants’ flocks, for the famine is severe in the land of Canaan. For now, though, let your servants dwell in the land of Goshen.’”
בִּמְתֵי מְעָט. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר: בְּשִׁבְעִים נֶפֶשׁ, יָרְדוּ אֲבֹתֶיךָ מִצְרָיְמָה. וְעַתָּה, שָׂמְךָ יְיָ אֱלֹהֶיךָ, כְּכוֹכְבֵי הַשָּׁמַיִם לָרֹב
Few in number, as it is written: “With seventy souls your ancestors went down to Egypt, and now the Lord your God has made you as numerous as the stars in the sky.”
.וַיְהִי שָׁם לְגוֹי. מְלַמֵּד שֶׁהָיוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל מְצֻיָּנִים שָׁם
There he became a nation means that they became a distinct people in Egypt.
:גָּדוֹל עָצוּם, כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר
וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל, פָּרוּ וַיִּשְׁרְצוּ, וַיִּרְבּוּ וַיַּעַצְמוּ, בִּמְאֹד מְאֹד, וַתִּמָּלֵא הָאָרֶץ אֹתָם
Great, mighty, as it is written.
“The children of Israel were fruitful and increased greatly; they multiplied and became mighty, and the land was full of them.”
:וָרָב. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר
רְבָבָה כְּצֶמַח הַשָּׂדֶה נְתַתִּיךְ, וַתִּרְבִּי, וַתִּגְדְּלִי, וַתָּבֹאִי בַּעֲדִי עֲדָיִים: שָׁדַיִם נָכֹנוּ, וּשְׂעָרֵךְ צִמֵּחַ, וְאַתְּ עֵרֹם וְעֶרְיָה
.וָאֶעֱבֹר עָלַיִךְ וָאֶרְאֵךְ מִתְבּוֹסֶסֶת בְּדָמָיִךְ וָאֹמַר לָךְ בְּדָמַיִךְ חֲיִי וָאֹמַר לָךְ בְּדָמַיִךְ חֲיִי
And numerous, as it is written:
“I made you as populous as the plants of the field; you grew up and wore choice adornments; your breasts were firm and your hair grew long; yet, you were bare and naked.”
“The Egyptians suspected us of evil and afflicted us; they imposed hard labor upon us.”
.וַיָּרֵעוּ אֹתָנוּ הַמִּצְרִים וַיְעַנּוּנוּ
וַיִּתְּנוּ עָלֵינוּ עֲבֹדָה קָשָׁה: וַיָּרֵעוּ אֹתָנוּ הַמִּצְרִים. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר: הָבָה נִתְחַכְּמָה לוֹ. פֶּן-יִרְבֶּה, וְהָיָה כִּי-תִקְרֶאנָה מִלְחָמָה, וְנוֹסַף גַּם הוּא עַל-שׂנְאֵינוּ, וְנִלְחַם-בָּנוּ וְעָלָה מִן-הָאָרֶץ
The Egyptians suspected us of evil, as it is written:
“Let us deal with them wisely lest they multiply, and, if we happen to be at war, they may join our enemies and fight against us and then leave the country.”
:וַיְעַנּוּנוּ. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר
וַיָּשִׂימוּ עָלָיו שָׂרֵי מִסִּים, לְמַעַן עַנֹּתוֹ בְּסִבְלֹתָם: וַיִּבֶן עָרֵי מִסְכְּנוֹת לְפַרְעֹה, אֶת-פִּתֹם וְאֶת-רַעַמְסֵס: וַיִּתְּנוּ עָלֵינוּ עֲבֹדָה קָשָׁה. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיַעֲבִדוּ מִצְרַיִם אֶת-בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּפָרֶךְ
And afflicted us, as it is written:
“They set taskmasters over them in order to oppress them with their burdens; the people of Israel built Pithom and Raamses as storecities for Pharaoh.” They imposed hard labor upon us, as it is written: “They imposed back-breaking labor upon the people of Israel.”
וַנִּצְעַק אֶל-יְיָ אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֹתֵינוּ, וַיִּשְׁמַע יְיָ אֶת-קֹלֵנוּ, וַיַּרְא אֶת-עָנְיֵנוּ, וְאֶת-עֲמָלֵנוּ, וְאֶת לַחֲצֵנוּ
“We cried to the Lord, the God of our fathers; the Lord heard our cry and saw our affliction, our toil, and our oppression.”
וַנִּצְעַק אֶל-יְיָ אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֹתֵינוּ, כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיְהִי בַיָּמִים הָרַבִּים הָהֵם, וַיָּמָת מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם, וַיֵּאָנְחוּ בְנֵי-יִשְׂרָאֵל מִן-הָעֲבֹדָה וַיִּזְעָקוּ. וַתַּעַל שַׁוְעָתָם אֶל-הָאֱלֹהִים מִן-הַעֲבֹדָה
We cried to the Lord, the God of our fathers, as it is written: “It happened in the course of those many days that the king of Egypt died; the children of Israel sighed because of their labor and cried; their cry of servitude reached God.”
:וַיִּשְׁמַע יְיָ אֶת–קֹלֵנוּ. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר
וַיִּשְׁמַע אֱלֹהִים אֶת-נַאֲקָתָם, וַיִּזְכֹּר אֱלֹהִים אֶת-בְּרִיתוֹ, אֶת-אַבְרָהָם, אֶת-יִצְחָק, וְאֶת יַעֲקֹב
The Lord heard our cry, as it is written:
“God heard their groaning; God remembered His covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.”
:וַיַּרְא אֶת-עָנְיֵנוּ
זוֹ פְּרִישׁוּת דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיַּרְא אֱלֹהִים אֶת-בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל. וַיֵּדַע אֱלֹהִים
And saw our affliction,
that is, the conjugal separation of husband and wife, as it is written: “God saw the children of Israel and God knew.”
:וְאֶת-עֲמָלֵנוּ. אֵלּוּ הַבָּנִים. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר
כָּל-הַבֵּן הַיִּלּוֹד הַיְאֹרָה תַּשְׁלִיכֻהוּ, וְכָל-הַבַּת תְּחַיּוּן
Our toil refers to the drowning of the sons, as it is written:
“Every son that is born you shall cast into the river, but you shall let every daughter live.”
וְאֶת לַחֲצֵנוּ. זֶה הַדְּחַק. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְגַם-רָאִיתִי אֶת-הַלַּחַץ, אֲשֶׁר מִצְרַיִם לֹחֲצִים אֹתָם
Our oppression means the pressure used upon them, as it is written:
“I have also seen how the Egyptians are oppressing them.”
וַיּוֹצִאֵנוּ יְיָ מִמִּצְרַיִם, בְּיָד חֲזָקָה, וּבִזְרֹעַ נְטוּיָה, וּבְמֹרָא גָדוֹל וּבְאֹתוֹת וּבְמוֹפְתִים
“The Lord brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand and outstretched arm, with great awe, miraculous signs and wonders.”
וַיּוֹצִאֵנוּ יְיָ מִמִּצְרַיִם. לֹא עַל-יְדֵי מַלְאָךְ, וְלֹא עַל-יְדֵי שָׂרָף. וְלֹא עַל-יְדֵי שָׁלִיחַ. אֶלָּא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בִּכְבוֹדוֹ וּבְעַצְמוֹ. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְעָבַרְתִּי בְאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם בַּלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה, וְהִכֵּיתִי כָל-בְּכוֹר בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם, מֵאָדָם וְעַד בְּהֵמָה, וּבְכָל-אֱלֹהֵי מִצְרַיִם אֶעֱשֶׂה שְׁפָטִים אֲנִי יְיָ
The Lord brought us out of Egypt not by an angel, not by a seraph, not by a messenger, but by the Holy One, blessed be He, Himself, as it is written: “I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night; I will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt from man unto beast; on all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments; I am the Lord.”
וְעָבַרְתִּי בְאֶרֶץ-מִצְרַיִם בַּלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה, אֲנִי וְלֹא מַלְאָךְ. וְהִכֵּיתִי כָל בְּכוֹר בְּאֶרֶץ-מִצְרַיִם. אֲנִי וְלֹא שָׂרָף. וּבְכָל–אֱלֹהֵי מִצְרַיִם אֶעֱשֶׂה שְׁפָטִים, אֲנִי וְלֹא הַשָּׁלִיחַ. אֲנִי יְיָ. אֲנִי הוּא וְלֹא אַחֵר
I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night, myself and not an angel; I will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, myself and not a seraph; on all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments, myself and not a messenger; I am the Lord, I and none other.
בְּיָד חֲזָקָה. זוֹ הַדֶּבֶר. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר: הִנֵּה יַד-יְיָ הוֹיָה, בְּמִקְנְךָ אֲשֶׁר בַּשָּׂדֶה, בַּסּוּסִים בַּחֲמֹרִים בַּגְּמַלִּים, בַּבָּקָר וּבַצֹּאן, דֶּבֶר כָּבֵד מְאֹד
Mighty hand refers to the disease among the cattle, as it is written: “Behold the hand of the Lord strikes your cattle which are in the field, the horses, the donkeys, the camels, the herds, and the flocks — a very severe pestilence.”
וּבִזְרֹעַ נְטוּיָה. זוֹ הַחֶרֶב. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְחַרְבּוֹ שְׁלוּפָה בְּיָדוֹ, נְטוּיָה עַל-יְרוּשָׁלָיִם
Outstretched arm means the sword, as it is written: “His drawn sword in his hand, outstretched over Jerusalem.”
וּבְמוֹרָא גָּדוֹל, זֶה גִּלּוּי שְׁכִינָה. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר: אוֹ הֲנִסָּה אֱלֹהִים, לָבוֹא לָקַחַת לוֹ גוֹי מִקֶּרֶב גּוֹי, בְּמַסֹּת בְּאֹתֹת וּבְמוֹפְתִים וּבְמִלְחָמָה, וּבְיָד חֲזָקָה וּבִזְרוֹעַ נְטוּיָה, וּבְמוֹרָאִים גְּדֹלִים. כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר-עָשָׂה לָכֶם יְיָ אֱלֹהֵיכֶם בְּמִצְרַיִם, לְעֵינֶיךָ
Great awe alludes to the divine revelation, as it is written: “Has God ever attempted to take unto Himself, a nation from the midst of another nation by trials, miraculous signs and wonders, by war and with a mighty hand and outstretched arm and by awesome revelations, just as you saw the Lord your God do for you in Egypt, before your eyes?”
וּבְאֹתוֹת. זֶה הַמַּטֶּה, כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְאֶת הַמַּטֶּה הַזֶּה תִּקַּח בְּיָדֶךָ. אֲשֶׁר תַּעֲשֶׂה-בּוֹ אֶת-הָאֹתֹת
Miraculous signs refers to the miracles performed with the staff of Moses, as it is written: “Take this staff in your hand, that you may perform the miraculous signs with it.”
וּבְמוֹפְתִים. זֶה הַדָּם. כְּמָה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְנָתַתִּי מוֹפְתִים, בַּשָּׁמַיִם וּבָאָרֶץ
Wonders alludes to the plague of blood, as it is written: “I will show wonders in the sky and on the earth.”
Spill three drops of wine while reciting.
דָּם.
וָאֵשׁ.
וְתִימְרוֹת עָשָׁן:
Blood,
fire,
and columns of smoke.
דָּבָר אַחֵר. בְּיָד חֲזָקָה שְׁתַּיִם. וּבִזְרֹעַ נְטוּיָה שְׁתַּיִם .וּבְמוֹרָא גָּדוֹל שְׁתַּיִם. וּבְאֹתוֹת שְׁתַּיִם. וּבְמֹפְתִים שְׁתַּיִם: אֵלּוּ עֶשֶׂר מַכּוֹת שֶׁהֵבִיא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עַל-הַמִּצְרִים בְּמִצְרַיִם, וְאֵלוּ הֵן
Another explanation of the preceding verse: Each two-word phrase represents two plagues, therefore strong hand, two: outstretched arm, two: great awe, two: miraculous signs, two: wonders, two.
The Ten Plagues
Spill a drop of wine while reciting each of the ten plagues.
אֵלּוּ עֶשֶׂר מַכּת שֶׁהֶבִיא הַקָדשׁ בָּרוּ הוּא עַל-הַמִצְרַיִם בְּמִצְרַיִם
These are the ten plagues which the Holy One, blessed be He, brought upon the Egyptians in Egypt, namely:
דָּם.
צְפַרְדֵּעַ.
כִּנִּים.
עָרוֹב.
דֶּבֶר.
שְׁחִין.
בָּרָד.
אַרְבֶּה.
חֹשֶׁךְ.
מַכַּת בְּכוֹרוֹת:
1. Blood
2. Frogs
3. Vermin
4. Wild Animals
5. Cattle Disease
6. Boils
7. Hail
8. Locusts
9. Darkness
10. Death of the Firstborn
:רַבִּי יְהוּדָה הָיָה נוֹתֵן בָּהֶם סִמָּנִים
Rabbi Judah abbreviated the ten plagues by composing three words from their Hebrew initials:
Spill three drops of wine while reciting.
דְּצַ”ךְ
עֲדַ”שׁ
בְּאַחַ”ב:
D’ tzach,
Adash,
B’ achab
If one poured out wine from his or her glass or lost a significant amount from dripping wine to count the plagues, refill the glass before proceeding.
רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי אוֹמֵר: מִנַּיִן אַתָּה אוֹמֵר, שֶׁלָּקוּ הַמִּצְרִים בְּמִצְרַיִם עֶשֶׂר מַכּוֹת, וְעַל הַיָּם, לָקוּ חֲמִשִּׁים מַכּוֹת? בְּמִצְרַיִם מָה הוּא אוֹמֵר: וַיֹּאמְרוּ הַחַרְטֻמִּם אֶל-פַּרְעֹה, אֶצְבַּע אֱלֹהִים הִוא. וְעַל הַיָּם מָה הוּא אוֹמֵר? וַיַּרְא יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת-הַיָּד הַגְּדֹלָה, אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה יְיָ בְּמִצְרַיִם, וַיִּירְאוּ הָעָם אֶת-יְיָ. וַיַּאֲמִינוּ בַּיָי, וּבְמֹשֶה עַבְדּוֹ. כַּמָּה לָקוּ בְּאֶצְבַּע, עֶשֶׂר מַכּוֹת: אֱמוֹר מֵעַתָּה, בְּמִצְרַיִם לָקוּ עֶשֶׂר מַכּוֹת, וְעַל-הַיָּם, לָקוּ חֲמִשִּׁים מַכּוֹת
Rabbi Yose the Galilean says: How does one derive that, after the ten plagues in Egypt, the Egyptians suffered fifty plagues at the Sea? Concerning the plagues in Egypt the Torah states that the magicians said to Pharaoh, it is the finger of God. However, at the Sea, the Torah relates that “Israel saw the great hand which the Lord laid upon the Egyptians, and the people revered the Lord and they believed in the Lord and in His servant Moses.” It reasons that if they suffered ten plagues in Egypt, they must have been made to suffer fifty plagues at the Sea.
רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר: מִנַּיִן שֶׁכָּל-מַכָּה וּמַכָּה, שֶׁהֵבִיא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עַל הַמִּצְרִים בְּמִצְרַיִם, הָיְתָה שֶׁל אַרְבַּע מַכּוֹת? שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: יְשַׁלַּח-בָּם חֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ, עֶבְרָה וָזַעַם וְצָרָה. מִשְׁלַחַת מַלְאֲכֵי רָעִים. עֶבְרָה אַחַת. וָזַעַם שְׁתַּיִם. וְצָרָה שָׁלֹש. מִשְׁלַחַת מַלְאֲכֵי רָעִים אַרְבַּע :אֱמוֹר מֵעַתָּה, בְּמִצְרַיִם לָקוּ אַרְבָּעִים מַכּוֹת, וְעַל הַיָּם לָקוּ מָאתַיִם מַכּוֹת
Rabbi Eliezer says: How does one derive that every plague that God inflicted upon the Egyptians in Egypt was equal in intensity to four plagues? It is written: “He sent upon them his fierce anger, wrath, fury and trouble, a band of evil messengers.” Since each plague was comprised of 1: wrath 2: fury 3: trouble and 4: a band of evil messengers, they must have suffered forty plagues in Egypt and two hundred at the Sea.
רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר: מִנַּיִן שֶׁכָּל-מַכָּה וּמַכָּה, שֶׁהֵבִיא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עַל הַמִּצְרִים בְּמִצְרַיִם, הָיְתָה שֶׁל חָמֵשׁ מַכּוֹת? שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: יְשַׁלַּח-בָּם חֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ, עֶבְרָה וָזַעַם וְצָרָה. מִשְׁלַחַת מַלְאֲכֵי רָעִים. חֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ אַחַת. עֶבְרָה שְׁתַּיִם. וָזַעַם שָׁלֹש. וְצָרָה אַרְבַּע. מִשְׁלַחַת מַלְאֲכֵי רָעִים חָמֵשׁ: אֱמוֹר מֵעַתָּה, בְּמִצְרַיִם לָקוּ חֲמִשִּׁים מַכּוֹת, וְעַל הַיָּם לָקוּ חֲמִשִּׁים וּמָאתַיִם מַכּוֹת
Rabbi Akiva says: How does one derive that every plague that God inflicted upon the Egyptians in Egypt was equal in intensity to five plagues? It is written: “He sent upon them his fierce anger, wrath, fury and trouble, a band of evil messengers.” Since each plague was comprised of 1: fierce anger 2: wrath 3: fury 4: trouble and 5: a band of evil messengers, they must have suffered fifty plagues in Egypt and two hundred and fifty at the Sea.
Dayenu, It would have been enough
Recite the word Dayenu in unison.
:כַּמָּה מַעֲלוֹת טוֹבוֹת לַמָּקוֹם עָלֵינוּ
God has bestowed many favors upon us.
,אִלּוּ הוֹצִיאָנוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם
,וְלֹא עָשָׂה בָהֶם שְׁפָטִים
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He brought us out of Egypt, and not executed judgments against the Egyptians…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu ho’tzee’anu mee’Meetz’ra’yeem, v’lo asa va’hem sh’fa’teem, Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ עָשָׂה בָהֶם שְׁפָטִים
,וְלֹא עָשָׂה בֵאלֹהֵיהֶם
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He executed judgments against the Egyptians,
and not their gods…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu asa va’hem sh’fa’teem, v’lo asa vei’lo’hei’hem, Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ עָשָׂה בֵאלֹהֵיהֶם
,וְלֹא הָרַג אֶת-בְּכוֹרֵיהֶם
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He executed judgments against their gods
and not put to death their firstborn…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu asa vei’lo’hei’hem, v’lo ha’rag et b’cho’rei’hem, Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ הָרַג אֶת-בְּכוֹרֵיהֶם
,וְלֹא נָתַן לָנוּ אֶת-מָמוֹנָם
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He put to death their firstborn,
and not given us their riches…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu ha’rag et b’cho’rei’hem, v’lo natan la’nu et ma’mo’nam, Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ נָתַן לָנוּ אֶת-מָמוֹנָם
,וְלֹא קָרַע לָנוּ אֶת-הַיָּם
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He given us their riches,
and not split the Sea for us…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu natan la’nu et ma’mo’nam, v’lo kara la’nu et ha’yam, Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ קָרַע לָנוּ אֶת-הַיָּם
,וְלֹא הֶעֱבִירָנוּ בְתוֹכוֹ בֶחָרָבָה
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He split the Sea for us,
and not led us through it on dry land…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu ka’ra la’nu et ha’yam, v’lo he’eh’vee’ra’nu v’to’cho beh’cha’ra’va, Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ הֶעֱבִירָנוּ בְתוֹכוֹ בֶחָרָבָה
,וְלֹא שִׁקַּע צָרֵינוּ בְּתוֹכוֹ
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He led us through it on dry land,
and not sunk our foes in it…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu he’eh’vee’ra’nu b’to’cho beh’cha’ra’va, v’lo shee’ka et tza’rei’nu b’to’cho, Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ שִׁקַּע צָרֵינוּ בְּתוֹכוֹ
,וְלֹא סִפֵּק צָרְכֵּנוּ בַּמִּדְבָּר אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He sunk our foes in it,
and not satisfied our needs in the desert for forty years…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu shee’ka et tza’rei’nu b’to’cho, v’lo see’peik tzor’kei’nu ba’meed’bar ar’ba’eem shana, Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ סִפֵּק צָרְכֵּנוּ בַּמִּדְבָּר אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה
,וְלֹא הֶאֱכִילָנוּ אֶת-הַמָּן
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He satisfied our needs in the desert for forty years,
and not fed us the manna…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu see’peik tzor’kei’nu ba’meed’bar ar’ba’eem sha’na, v’lo he’eh’chee’la’nu et ha’man, Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ הֶאֱכִילָנוּ אֶת-הַמָּן
,וְלֹא נָתַן לָנוּ אֶת-הַשַּׁבָּת
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He fed us the manna,
and not given us the Sabbath…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu he’eh’chee’la’nu et ha’man, v’lo na’tan la’nu et ha’Shabbat Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ נָתַן לָנוּ אֶת-הַשַּׁבָּת
,וְלֹא קֵרְבָנוּ לִפְנֵי הַר סִינַי
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He given us the Sabbath,
and not brought us to Mount Sinai…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu na’tan la’nu et ha’Shabbat , v’lo ker’va’nu leef’nei har See’nai, Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ קֵרְבָנוּ לִפְנֵי הַר סִינַי
,וְלֹא נָתַן לָּנוּ אֶת-הַתּוֹרָה
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He brought us to Mount Sinai,
and not given us the Torah…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu ker’va’nu leef’nei har See’nai, v’lo na’tan la’nu et ha’Torah, Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ נָתַן לָנוּ אֶת-הַתּוֹרָה
,וְלֹא הִכְנִיסָנוּ לְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He given us the Torah,
and not brought us into Israel…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu na’tan la’nu et ha’Torah, v’lo heech’nee’sa’nu l’Eretz Yisrael, Dayeinu.
,אִלּוּ הִכְנִיסָנוּ לְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל
,וְלֹא בָנָה לָנוּ אֶת-בֵּית הַבְּחִירָה
:דַּיֵּנוּ
Had He brought us into Israel,
and not built the Temple for us…
It would have been enough.
Ee’lu heech’nee-sa’nu l’Eretz Yisrael, v’lo va’na la’nu et beit ha’b’chee’ra, Dayeinu.
Continue reading.
עַל אַחַת כַּמָּה וְכַמָּה טוֹבָה
:כְפוּלָה וּמְכֻפֶּלֶת לַמָּקוֹם עָלֵינוּ
,שֶׁהוֹצִיאָנוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם
,וְעָשָׂה בָהֶם שְׁפָטִים
,וְעָשָׂה בֵאלֹהֵיהֶם
,וְהָרַג אֶת-בְּכוֹרֵיהֶם
,וְנָתַן לָנוּ אֶת-מָמוֹנָם
,וְקָרַע לָנוּ אֶת-הַיָּם
,וְהֶעֱבִירָנוּ בְתוֹכוֹ בֶחָרָבָה
,וְשִׁקַּע צָרֵינוּ בְּתוֹכוֹ
וְסִפֵּק צָרְכֵּנוּ בַּמִּדְבָּר
,אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה
,וְהֶאֱכִילָנוּ אֶת-הַמָּן
,וְנָתַן לָנוּ אֶת-הַשַּׁבָּת
,וְקֵרְבָנוּ לִפְנֵי הַר סִינַי
,וְנָתַן לָנוּ אֶת-הַתּוֹרָה
,וְהִכְנִיסָנוּ לְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל
,וְבָנָה לָנוּ אֶת-בֵּית הַבְּחִירָה
.לְכַפֵּר עַל-כָּל-עֲוֹנוֹתֵינוּ
How much more so, then should we be grateful
to God for the numerous favors that He
bestowed upon us:
He brought us out of Egypt,
and punished the Egyptians;
He smote their gods,
and slew their firstborn;
He gave us their wealth
and split the Sea for us;
He led us through it on dry land,
and sunk our foes in it;
He sustained us in the desert for forty years,
and fed us with the manna;
He gave us the Sabbath,
and brought us to Mount Sinai;
He gave us the Torah,
and brought us to Israel;
He built the Temple for us,
to atone for all our sins.
Pesach, Matzah, Maror
רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל הָיָה אוֹמֵר: כָּל שֶׁלֹּא אָמַר שְׁלֹשָה דְבָרִים אֵלּוּ בַּפֶּסַח, לֹא יָצָא יְדֵי חוֹבָתוֹ, וְאֵלּוּ הֵן
Rabbi Gamliel used to say: Anyone who has not discussed these three things on Passover has not fulfilled their duty, namely:
פֶּסַח
מַצָּה
וּמָרוֹר
Pesach, the Passover Offering
Matzah, the Unleavened Bread
Maror, the Bitter Herbs
Look at but do not raise the shank bone.
Recite.
פֶּסַח
שֶׁהָָיוּ אֲבוֹתֵינוּ אוֹכְלִים, בִּזְמַן שֶׁבֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ הָיָה קַיָּם, עַל שׁוּם מָה? עַל שׁוּם שֶׁפָּסַח הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, עַל בָּתֵּי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ בְּמִצְרַיִם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַאֲמַרְתֶּם זֶבַח פֶּסַח הוּא לַיָּי, אֲשֶׁר פָּסַח עַל בָּתֵּי בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּמִצְרַיִם, בְּנָגְפּוֹ אֶת-מִצְרַיִם וְאֶת-בָּתֵּינוּ הִצִּיל, וַיִּקֹּד הָעָם וַיִּשְׁתַּחֲווּ
Pesach.
Why did our fathers eat the Passover Offering during the period of the Temple? It is because the Holy One, Blessed be He, passed over the houses of our fathers in Egypt, as it is written: “You shall say: It is the Passover offering for the Lord, who passed over the houses of the children in Egypt when he smote the Egyptians and spared our houses. The people knelt and bowed down.”
Raise the matzah.
Recite.
מַצָּה
זוֹ שֶׁאָנוּ אוֹכְלִים, עַל שׁוּם מָה? עַל שׁוּם שֶׁלֹּא הִסְפִּיק בְּצֵקָם שֶׁל אֲבוֹתֵינוּ לְהַחֲמִיץ, עַד שֶׁנִּגְלָה עֲלֵיהֶם מֶלֶךְ מַלְכֵי הַמְּלָכִים, הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וּגְאָלָם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיֹּאפוּ אֶת-הַבָּצֵק, אֲשֶׁר הוֹצִיאוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם, עֻגֹת מַצּוֹת, כִּי לֹא חָמֵץ: כִּי גֹרְשׁוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם, וְלֹא יָכְלוּ לְהִתְמַהְמֵהַּ, וְגַם צֵדָה לֹא עָשׂוּ לָהֶם
Matzah.
Why do we eat this matzah? It is because the King of Kings, the Holy one, revealed Himself to our fathers and redeemed them before their dough had time to ferment, as it is written: “They baked the dough which they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened cakes; for they were driven out of Egypt and could not delay, nor had they prepared any provision for their journey.”
Raise the maror.
Recite.
מָרוֹר
זֶה שֶׁאָנוּ אוֹכְלִים, עַל שׁוּם מָה? עַל שׁוּם שֶׁמֵּרְרוּ הַמִּצְרִים אֶת-חַיֵּי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ בְּמִצְרַיִם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיְמָרֲרוּ אֶת-חַיֵּיהֶם בַּעֲבֹדָה קָשָׁה, בְּחֹמֶר וּבִלְבֵנִים, וּבְכָל-עֲבֹדָה בַּשָּׂדֶה: אֵת כָּל-עֲבֹדָתָם, אֲשֶׁר עָבְדוּ בָהֶם בְּפָרֶךְ
Maror.
Why do we eat this bitter herb? It is because the Egyptians embittered the lives of our fathers in Egypt, as it is written: “They made life bitter for them with hard labor, with clay and bricks, and with all kinds of labor in the field; whatever work tasks they performed were backbreaking.”
בְּכָל-דּוֹר וָדוֹר חַיָּב אָדָם לִרְאוֹת אֶת-עַצְמוֹ, כְּאִלּוּ הוּא יָצָא מִמִּצְרָיִם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְהִגַּדְתָּ לְבִנְךָ בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא לֵאמֹר: בַּעֲבוּר זֶה עָשָׂה יְיָ לִי, בְּצֵאתִי מִמִּצְרָיִם. לֹא אֶת-אֲבוֹתֵינוּ בִּלְבָד, גָּאַל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, אֶלָּא אַף אוֹתָנוּ גָּאַל עִמָּהֶם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְאוֹתָנוּ הוֹצִיא מִשָׁם, לְמַעַן הָבִיא אֹתָנוּ, לָתֶת לָנוּ אֶת-הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּע לַאֲבֹתֵינוּ
In every generation it is man’s duty to regard himself as though he personally had come out of Egypt, as it is written: “You shall tell your son on that day: This is on account of what the Lord did for me when I came out of Egypt.” It was not only our fathers whom the Holy One redeemed from slavery; we, too, were redeemed with them, as it is written: “He took us out from there so that He might take us to the land which He had sworn to our fathers.”
Cover the matzot.
Raise the cup of wine.
לְפִיכָךְ אֲנַחְנוּ חַיָּבִים לְהוֹדוֹת, לְהַלֵּל, לְשַׁבֵּחַ, לְפָאֵר, לְרוֹמֵם, לְהַדֵּר, לְבָרֵךְ, לְעַלֵּה וּלְקַלֵּס, לְמִי שֶׁעָשָׂה לַאֲבוֹתֵינוּ וְלָנוּ אֶת-כָּל-הַנִּסִּים הָאֵלּוּ. הוֹצִיאָנוּ מֵעַבְדוּת לְחֵרוּת, מִיָּגוֹן לְשִׂמְחָה, וּמֵאֵבֶל לְיוֹם טוֹב, וּמֵאֲפֵלָה לְאוֹר גָּדוֹל, וּמִשִּׁעְבּוּד לִגְאֻלָּה. וְנֹאמַר לְפָנָיו שִׁירָה חֲדָשָׁה
:הַלְלוּיָהּ
Therefore it is our duty to thank and praise, pay tribute and glorify, exalt and honor, bless and acclaim the One who performed all these miracles for our fathers and for us. He took us out of slavery into freedom, out of grief into joy, out of mourning into a festival, out of darkness into a great light, out of slavery into redemption. We will recite a new song before Him!
Halleluyah!
Uncover the Matzah.
Lower the cup.
Psalm 113
הַלְלוּיָהּ. הַלְלוּ עַבְדֵי יְיָ. הַלְלוּ אֶת-שֵׁם יְיָ. יְהִי שֵׁם יְיָ מְבֹרָךְ מֵעַתָּה וְעַד עוֹלָם: מִמִּזְרַח שֶׁמֶשׁ עַד מְבוֹאוֹ. מְהֻלָּל שֵׁם יְיָ. רָם עַל-כָּל-גּוֹיִם יְיָ. עַל הַשָּׁמַיִם כְּבוֹדוֹ: מִי כַּיָי אֱלֹהֵינוּ. הַמַּגְבִּיהִי לָשָׁבֶת: הַמַּשְׁפִּילִי לִרְאוֹת בַּשָּׁמַיִם וּבָאָרֶץ: מְקִימִי מֵעָפָר דָּל. מֵאַשְׁפֹּת יָרִים אֶבְיוֹן: לְהוֹשִׁיבִי עִם-נְדִיבִים. עִם נְדִיבֵי עַמּוֹ: מוֹשִׁיבִי עֲקֶרֶת הַבַּיִת אֵם הַבָּנִים שְׂמֵחָה
:הַלְלוּיָהּ
Praise the Lord! Praise, you servants of the Lord, praise the name of the Lord. Blessed be the name of the Lord from this time forth and forever. From the rising of the sun to its setting, the Lord’s name is to be praised. High above all nations is the Lord; above the heavens is His glory. Who is like the Lord our God, who though enthroned on high, looks down upon heaven and earth? He raises the poor man out of the dust and lifts the needy one out of the trash heap, to seat them with nobles, with the nobles of His people. He turns the barren wife into a happy mother of children.
Halleluyah!
Raise the cup of wine.
Recite.
Psalm 114
,בְּצֵאת יִשְׂרָאֵל מִמִּצְרָיִם
:בֵּית יַעֲקֹב מֵעַם לֹעֵז
.הָיְתָה יְהוּדָה לְקָדְשׁוֹ
:יִשְׂרָאֵל מַמְשְׁלוֹתָיו
,הַיָּם רָאָה וַיָּנֹס
:הַיַּרְדֵּן יִסֹּב לְאָחוֹר
.הֶהָרִים רָקְדוּ כְאֵילִים
:גְּבָעוֹת כִּבְנֵי-צֹאן
.מַה-לְּךָ הַיָּם כִּי תָנוּס
:הַיַּרְדֵּן תִּסֹּב לְאָחוֹר
.הֶהָרִים תִּרְקְדו כְאֵילִים
:גְּבָעוֹת כִּבְנֵי-צֹאן
.מִלִּפְנֵי אָדוֹן חוּלִי אָרֶץ
:מִלִּפְנֵי אֱלוֹהַּ יַעֲקֹב
.הַהֹפְכִי הַצּוּר אֲגַם-מָיִם
.חַלָּמִישׁ לְמַעְיְנוֹ-מָיִם
When Israel went out of Egypt,
Jacob’s household from a people of strange speech,
Judah became God’s sanctuary,
Israel His kingdom.
The sea saw it and fled;
the Jordan turned backward.
The mountains skipped like rams,
and the hills like lambs.
Why is it, sea, that you flee?
Why, O Jordan, do you turn backward?
You mountains, why do you skip like rams?
You hills, why do you leap like lambs?
O earth, tremble at the Lord’s presence,
at the presence of the God of Jacob,
who turns the rock into a pond of water,
the flint into a flowing fountain.
Cover the matzot.
Raise the cup.
Recite.
בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יְיָ, אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הָעוֹלָם, אֲשֶׁר גְּאָלָנוּ וְגָאַל אֶת-אֲבוֹתֵינוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם, וְהִגִּיעָנוּ לַלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה, לֶאֱכָל-בּוֹ מַצָּה וּמָרוֹר. כֵּן, יְיָ אֱלֹהֵינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ, יַגִּיעֵנוּ לְמוֹעֲדִים וְלִרְגָלִים אֲחֵרִים, הַבָּאִים לִקְרָאתֵנוּ לְשָׁלוֹם. שְׂמֵחִים בְּבִנְיַן עִירֶךָ, וְשָׂשִׂים בַּעֲבוֹדָתֶךָ, וְנֹאכַל שָׁם מִן הַזְּבָחִים וּמִן הַפְּסָחִים, אֲשֶׁר יַגִּיעַ דָּמָם, עַל קִיר מִזְבַּחֲךָ לְרָצוֹן, וְנוֹדֶה לְּךָ שִׁיר חָדָשׁ עַל גְּאֻלָּתֵנוּ, וְעַל פְּדוּת נַפְשֵׁנוּ: בָרוּךְ אַתָּה יְיָ, גָּאַל יִשְׂרָאֵל
Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe, who has redeemed us and our fathers from Egypt and enabled us to reach this night that we may eat matzah and maror. So Lord our God and God of our fathers, enable us to reach also the forthcoming holidays and festivals in peace, rejoicing in the rebuilding of Zion your city, and joyful at your service. There we shall eat of the offerings and Passover sacrifices which will be acceptably placed upon your altar. We shall sing a new hymn of praise to You for our redemption and for our liberation. Blessed are You, O Lord, who has redeemed Israel.
Recite the blessing for the Second Cup of Wine.
הִנְנִי מוּכָן וּמְזֻמָּן לְקַיֵּם מִצְוַת כּוֹס שְׁנִיָּה מֵאַרְבַּע כּוֹסוֹת לְשֵׁם יִחוּד קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא וּשְׁכִינְתֵּיהּ עַל-יְדֵי הַהוּא טְמִיר וְנֶעְלָם בְּשֵׁם כָּל-יִשְׂרָאֵל
I am ready and prepared to observe the mitzvah of the second of the four cups of wine, for the sake of the Holy One blessed be He.
:בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יְיָ, אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הָעוֹלָם, בּוֹרֵא פְּרִי הַגָּפֶן
Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe, who creates the fruit of the vine.
Baruch Atah Ado’nai Elo’heinu Melech Ha’olam Boreh Pree Ha’ga’fen.